Hydrogels are typically three-dimensional polymer network structures that are able to absorb large amounts of water. When coming into contact with water, hydrogel’s chemical and physical properties allow it to maintain structure and avoid being dissolved. The polymer network structures that comprise hydrogels may exist through the form of collagen or gelatin. Through the vast amounts of differing stimuluses, and thus responses, hydrogels turn into an adaptable tool that may be utilized as sensors, artificial organs, even contact lenses. Due to its high versatility, hydrogels are commonly found in the biomedical healthcare industry.
Hydrogel’s main usage
Hydrogels are mostly used as homogeneous (completely mixed) materials to mimic our body’s complex structures and properties. When used in contact lenses, this flexible material allows oxygen to pass through to the cornea (the outermost layer of the eye) allowing the user to have a long-lasting comfortable wear. These lenses are not only thin but also malleable, adhering to the surface of the eye and allowing the contact lenses to be in full effect. Some issues commonly associated with hydrogel contact lenses is that the water contained in the surface of the eye gradually evaporates under long wear thus drying out the eye, making the material less comfortable.
Hydrogel is also commonly used in various hygiene products, including hair gel, toothpaste, and cosmetics. Due to its water-absorbing capabilities, hydrogel serves as a base that can hold up to 500 times its weight. In skincare products, hydrogel’s chemical structure is almost identical to the tissue found at the surface of our skin, allowing for optimal hydration and moisture. In terms of wound healing, hydrogel is also considered more optimal when compared to traditional forms of wound healing such as gauze, because its hydrophilic structure provides a moist environment for the wound to heal.
Cons of Hydrogel Usage:
One concern that scientists and researchers have regarding hydrogel is the proper way to dispose of it given the environmental impact it poses — not all hydrogels are readily degradable. Hydrogel also tends to be overly sensitive to environmental changes such as changes in pH, temperature, etc. When used under medical applications, hydrogels often bring along unintended side effects such as inflammation and infection.
Overall, due to hydrogel’s complex and relatively new foundation, it may be noted that ongoing research is required to completely develop products related to hydrogel. In the future, scientists hope to develop a substance with more enhanced properties and to reduce the current drawbacks.
References
70511. “Hydrogel vs Silicone Hydrogel Lenses.” Optometrists.Org, www.optometrists.org/general-practice-optometry/optical/guide-to-contact-lenses/hydrogel-vs-silicone-hydrogel-lenses/#:~:text=Hydrogel%20lenses%20are%20made%20from,lenses%2C%20are%20made%20from%20hydrogel. Accessed 26 Dec. 2023.
Author links open overlay panelEnrica Caló, et al. “Biomedical Applications of Hydrogels: A Review of Patents and Commercial Products.” European Polymer Journal, Pergamon, 28 Nov. 2014, www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014305714004091#:~:text=Currently%2C%20hydrogels%20are%20used%20for,main%20characteristics%20and%20biomedical%20applications.
Chambers, Scott. “What Is Hydrogel, and How Is It Used?” Strouse, Strouse, 26 July 2023, www.strouse.com/blog/6-hydrogel-uses#:~:text=HYGIENE%20PRODUCTS,contact%20lens%2C%20or%20highly%20absorbent.
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