The majority of the world still lacks access to clean and drinkable water. However, in recent years, advancements in biotechnology—specifically regarding various methods of water purification—have made it possible to ensure people have access to safe drinking water.
GMO:
One significant contribution of biotechnology to water purification is the use of genetically modified organisms (GMO). In a process known as bioremediation, specifically designed organisms break down pollutants and contaminants in water bodies, transforming them into harmless byproducts. Bioremediation is especially important as it reduces the environmental impact of water pollution and minimizes the need for chemical treatments.
Detecting Waterborne Pathogens:
Traditionally, the detection of waterborne pathogens relied on time-consuming and often less precise methods such as culturing microorganisms in a laboratory. Not only did these methods take up to weeks, but the accuracy was very limited. Now, biotechnological advancements have made it possible to leverage the power of genetic and molecular techniques to identify pathogens in water. These methods are far superior, as they lead to timely responses and greater precision– leading to better public health.
Saline and Brackish Water:
Desalination, a critical process for addressing water scarcity, can be enhanced with biotechnology. Biotech solutions are explored to develop more energy-efficient and sustainable desalination techniques. These innovations aim to increase the availability of freshwater resources in regions that face severe water shortages.
Bio-Based Polymers:
Biotechnology also contributes to the development of bio-based polymers for water treatment. Biodegradable and environmentally friendly materials are increasingly replacing conventional synthetic polymers in processes like flocculation and sedimentation. This shift not only reduces the environmental impact of water treatment but also conserves resources for a more sustainable future.
Biotechnological advancements regarding water purification have led to cleaner and safer water to drink. Its application varies from processes such as the genetic engineering of organisms, to molecular diagnosis and development of eco-friendly materials. As the global population continues to grow and environmental issues intensify, the significance of biotechnology in water purification cannot be overstated. By harnessing the power of biotechnology, we can work towards ensuring access to safe and potable water for all.
References
Albert, Helen. “Biotech Drives the Water Purification Industry Towards a Circular Economy.” Labiotech.Eu, 20 Jan. 2021, https://www.labiotech.eu/in-depth/water-purification-industry-circular-economy/.
“Biodegradable Polymers.” Chempilots.Com, www.chempilots.com/applications/biodegradable-polymers.html?gad_source=1&gclid=Cj0KCQjw-pyqBhDmARIsAKd9XIP5mJeeRm40qtnJkqAgf3FISxkwg2WBL61whIUFXyLtp4J9TdEUoAoaAo0aEALw_wcB. Accessed 5 Nov. 2023.
“Can Desalination Be a Sustainable Solution to the Water Crisis?” World Economic Forum,www.weforum.org/agenda/2022/06/technology-and-entrepreneurship-can-quench-our-parched-world/. Accessed 5 Nov. 2023.
Mitchell, Cory. “What Is Bioremediation, and How Does It Work (with Examples)?” Investopedia, Investopedia, www.investopedia.com/terms/b/bioremediation.asp. Accessed 5 Nov. 2023.
Ramírez-Castillo, Flor Yazmín, et al. “Waterborne Pathogens: Detection Methods and Challenges.” Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), U.S. National Library of Medicine, 21 May 2015, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4493476/.
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