Introduction:
In 2018, more than 120 billion units of cosmetic packaging were produced globally, adding to the growing amount of population we are currently facing. In an attempt to fix this problem, brands have been testing out new ways to reduce the waste caused by the beauty industry, such as making biodegradable products.
What are Biodegradable Products?
There is a lot of greenwashing involved in the term “biodegradable products”. Consumers often see the word and assume that it’s meant to be good or safe for the planet, which mostly is incorrect. In theory, a biodegradable object is prone to naturally breaking down into elementary compounds like carbon or oxygen by microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, causing the products to be returned to nature instead of ending up as waste. Unfortunately, degradation isn’t as easy as it sounds. In order for objects to be properly decomposed, most must be placed in high heat or extreme conditions, which can often only be produced in industrial composting facilities.
Levels of Biodegradable Products:
The levels of biodegradable products are much broader than just degradable and non-degradable. Substances such as silicones or synthetic surfactants are degradable but often take years to fully decompose. For this reason, biodegradability can often be divided into 4 categories based on how fast it degrades: easy, potential/inherent, difficult, and non-degradable. Only easily biodegradable products can be efficiently and completely decomposed by microorganisms in natural environments. Products labeled as “compostable” often fit in this category as they can be broken down into natural elements in a compost environment.
Conclusion:
Although we have a long way to go in terms of biodegradable beauty, there are companies like Plus, EcoTools and Sanctuary which have products that biodegrade within 180 days with just the addition of water. Some more committed customers such as Jhanneu, a low-waste expert and sustainable beauty influencer, choose to develop a more biodegradable friendly routine.
References
Lodi, Marie. “The Truth about Biodegradable Beauty Products.” Rose Inc, www.roseinc.com/blogs/education/biodegradable-beauty-products-environmental-damage. Accessed 22 June 2024.
“Biodegradable - What Does That Actually Mean for Cosmetic and Hair Care Products?” Wildschön, Wildschön, 3 Nov. 2021, www.wildschoen.com/en/blogs/news/biologisch-abbaubar-was-bedeutet-das-eigentlich-bei-kosmetik-und-haarpflegeprodukten.
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